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Writer's pictureDavid de Souza

Yes! - 80/20 Summary

Updated: Feb 16, 2022




 


Mental Models from the book:


'Yes!' can be summarised into 10 mental models:


1. Action & Reaction: Newton's 3rd Law

  • Mirror verbalization: Repeating back what a customer ordered increased tips by 70%.

2. Activation Energy

  • People are more likely to be persuaded if they have taken a small step in the right direction as long as the first step was made voluntarily and without coercion. The momentum will propel them to carry on.

3. Algorithms

  • The word "because" acts like an automatic reflex to get someone to do something.

3. Anchoring

  • When given a bonus gift for purchasing a product, the value of the bonus gift will decline. To overcome this instead of writing: "Receive a free Ecourse" change it to: "Receive a $500 Ecourse at no cost to you.


4. Choice Architecture

  • Increased choice can result in increased frustration.


5. Consistency & Commitment Bias

  • To overcome the effects of peoples' consistency bias, avoid framing their commitment as a mistake. Tell them: "Their decision was correct at the time they made it".

  • After a person has answered a question favorably, say "I'll let the others know" to increase commitment as their decision has now been publicly declared.

  • Free people from the previous commitment. Tell them: "The precious decision was the right one given the evidence and information they had".

  • Give a person the label of a certain trait and then make a request consistent to that trait (and provide examples of when they have done that).

6. Emotions: Sadness

  • Sad buyers are willing to pay 30% more on average compared to neutral buyers. Sad sellers are willing to sell an item for 33% less than a neutral buyer.

7. Incentives

  • Due to loss aversion, it is usually more persuasive to mention what you would lose instead of what you'll save.

8. Reciprocity

  • There are 3 major factors that influence reciprocity:

    1. Significance: When a waiter gave two candies with the bill it increased tips by 3.3% (compared to no candy) to 14% with 2 candies.

    2. Unexpected: One candy was expected and so when a second was given it inflated the tip.

    3. Personalized: The more personalized the request, the more likely the person will agree.

  • A recipient places more value on a favor compared to the person who gave the favor initially. However, as time goes on the value decreases in the receiver's mind but increases in the givers.

  • Before you get to the toughest request (on a call to a customer service agent) tell the person how happy you are with their service and that you are going to write a letter of appreciation. After you have their manager's details, ask for one final request.


9. Trust

  • Mirroring increases trust. In negotiations mirroring resulted in deals 67% of the time compared to 13% (without mirroring).

  • If you have an area in which your leverage is weak, mention it during negotiations, to make you seem more trustworthy.

  • Mentioning a drawback (or something against your self-interest) makes you more trustworthy which puts you in a better position to promote your strengths.


10. The Ikea Effect

  • Ask someone why they support an initiative. This will reinforce to themselves the reasoning.

 

Mental Model Mind Maps:


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